Author: Wang Qicun’s Masonry projects are classified into many categories, and various factors have an impact on the construction cost
.
When preparing the quota, construction enterprises should consider not only the regional quota items, but also the external and internal factors
.
The regional quota is divided into more than 100 quota subitems
.
If it is divided according to various factors of enterprise quota, there should be no less than 1000 quota subitems
.
The specific influencing factors are as follows: according to the structural form, it can be divided into: mixed structure and filling structure; according to the type of materials, it can be divided into: aerated block, solid brick, hollow brick, masonry stone, etc.; according to the type of mortar, it can be divided into: mixed mortar, cement mortar, mortar, special mortar, etc.; according to the manual operation, it can be divided into: sporadic masonry, ordinary masonry, special masonry, etc.; according to the shape and size, it can be divided into three types : straight wall, arc wall, thickened wall, general wall thickness, super high wall, super long wall, etc
.
According to the component parts, it can be divided into: building foundation, building wall, building partition wall, building exterior wall, parapet, enclosing wall, drainage well, etc
.
According to the management mode, it can be divided into: subcontracting management, labor employment, sporadic workdays, etc
.
According to the process requirements, it can be divided into: fair faced wall, mixed water wall and original mortar pointing
.
According to the mortar mixing method, it can be divided into: on-site mixing, dry mixing mortar, wet mixing mortar, quick mixing mortar with water, etc
.
According to the quality requirements of the project, it can be divided into: residential quality standard, industrial quality standard and lax supervision
.
According to the management payment method, it can be divided into daily cash settlement, position settlement and completion settlement
.
According to the loss of material quality, it can be divided into poor material quality, up to standard material quality and excellent material quality
.
According to the construction conditions of the project, it can be divided into: floor feeding, field feeding, tower crane feeding, winch feeding, hoist feeding, etc
.
In the actual construction process, accumulated a large number of factors affecting the cost, want to get the enterprise quota, we must find the influence of these factors
.
Up to now, it is more and more difficult to recruit construction workers
.
Any price deviation on the construction site may affect the dispute
.
The project department can only complete the masonry project by way of compensation cost concession, so as to ensure the construction progress and increase the cost
.
Enterprise characteristics and project characteristics should be taken into account in compiling enterprise quota
.
Collect the characteristics suitable for the enterprise itself, and then consider the standardized data, and the data will be compiled after verification of several projects
.
The compilation of enterprise quota should first match the appropriate content collection, make the common types and the types with large quantities into standard data, and solve the sporadic and uncommon items by means of cost plus remuneration or sporadic employment
.
This paper interprets the composition of enterprise quota in the way of case analysis as follows: 01 project case data collection a construction enterprise is a medium-sized private enterprise, which mainly undertakes housing construction projects, adopts team subcontracting mode, and completes an average project of 500000 square meters per year
.
The enterprise has sufficient funds and the ability to undertake fixed projects
.
The XX project in Jinnan District of Tianjin city contracted by the enterprise has a construction area of 80000 square meters
.
The short leg shear wall structure of high-rise residential buildings has a moderate secondary structure content of 0.12m2/m2
.
The underground garage has a construction area of 10500 square meters, and the largest single building on the ground has 24 floors, with a construction area of 7500 square meters
.
The company adopts two masonry teams to subcontract, with the secondary structure formwork project and reinforcement project as the main structure team to complete, and the concrete pouring adopts sporadic method
.
Through the analysis of enterprise characteristics and project characteristics, the results are as follows: through the analysis of settlement data, the masonry engineering quantity is 8448m3
.
The consumption of aerated concrete block is 7729m3, the consumption of dry mixed mortar is 887.04m3, the conversion coefficient is 1.85t, the consumption of mortar is 1641t, and the rental of steel pipe scaffold is about 15000 yuan
.
Construction electricity can not be counted and included in the management fee
.
The construction water consumption can be comprehensively considered in the masonry construction stage
.
The unit price of team subcontracting is 260 yuan / m3, the quotation of other materials for team subcontracting is 80000 yuan, the converted unit price is 10 yuan / m3, the subcontracting management fee is 10%, the profit is considered as 15%, and the labor cost is calculated as 260-10-260 * 10% – 260 * 15% = 185 yuan / m3
.
According to page 90 of project cost answer collection (05), the average daily masonry volume is 0.8m3, and the unit wage is calculated as 185 / 0.8 = 231.25 yuan
.
Material purchase price: aerated concrete block 235 yuan / m3, dry mixed mortar 240 yuan / T
.
The work contents agreed in the team contract include masonry, on-site transportation of premixed mortar, production and installation of steel tie bars, jointing and top plugging, construction hole masonry, reserved slot, reserved hole, sporadic masonry, erection and demolition of masonry scaffold, ground ash screening, garbage removal, snapping line leveling, Pico pole production, cleaning joint, cooperation with other teams, etc
.
Through the above data list analysis: 02 data comprehensive analysis, through the data of XX project in Jinnan District of Tianjin, the consumption in the data table can be obtained, and the purchase price of the project can be understood
.
The enterprise analyzes the data obtained from each built project, calculates the weighted comprehensive average of consumption, and obtains the consumption of quota
.
The unit price of quota can be determined by purchasing the weighted comprehensive average unit price within the time period
.
For example, the average annual project completed by the enterprise is 500000 square meters, and six projects can be completed each year
.
The consumption of aerated concrete blocks is 0.915, 0.911, 0.922, 0.921, 0.934 and 0.916 respectively
.
The weighted comprehensive average calculation: (0.915 + 0.911 + 0.922 + 0.921 + 0.934 + 0.916) / 6 = 0.920
.
In addition to the above factors, there is also the influence of project quantities, because the contracted quantities of each project subcontractor will affect the difficulty of summoning workers
.
When the workers in the project department are summoned to work for 20 days to complete the project, the loss of subcontractors and workers is too large, and the team quotation is relatively high; the impact of construction period node is also a factor, such as catching up with the busy farming during the masonry period, the difficulty of subcontractor recruitment, and the price change For example, the subcontractor asks for a price increase in the midway, because the subcontracting price of each project is different
.
If the price is low, the enterprise’s fixed consumption should also be calculated
.
It can be seen that enterprise quota is not only the consumption standard of human resources and machines of an enterprise, but also the embodiment of enterprise management level
.
We can refer to large enterprises as the benchmark, solve enterprise quota by comparing with our own enterprises, get basic data by correcting consumption, and then slowly adjust to get the standard of enterprise quota
.
The following table is the data analysis of the author’s unit, China Construction x Bureau and Tianjin X company
.
The basic data are provided for reference only
.
03 summary enterprise quota can be divided into two parts: quantity and price
.
Quantity represents enterprise production management level, price represents enterprise procurement management level, and comprehensive unit price represents enterprise organization and construction capacity
.
Price difference is the difference between enterprise characteristics and project characteristics
.
Many enterprises want to borrow a set of enterprise quota as the research object
.
In fact, the research is not of great value
.
They can only learn the methods and principles and collect data by themselves
.
If you still want to do it with the mentality that the consumption of other enterprises is almost the same as that of your own enterprises, it is suggested to adopt the regional quota, because the standard degree of the regional quota represents the local consumption, and borrowing is doing the invalid cost.
.
