I always use the pile to fix the point, and insert a pile at both ends of each straight line, so that after the excavation, the pile is still in place, you can draw a line according to the pile
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The personnel participating in building positioning are: the surveyors of urban planning department (subordinate survey team) and construction unit (Professional)
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It should be noted that after the foundation line is set out, self inspection, mutual inspection and joint acceptance with the supervisor should be carried out, and the reinforcement binding construction can be started after confirmation
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The horizontal pile is generally measured by level according to the ± 0 mark or the top elevation of the gantry plate that has been measured on the construction site
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They carry out positioning according to the building planning positioning map, and finally form (at least) 4 positioning piles in the construction site
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1、 Building positioning is the first setting out after the commencement of housing construction project
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The foundation of the project has just started construction
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It is important to calculate the coordinates and elevation, and the field operation skilled workers are enough
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The wall, column and shear wall column lines shall be marked with color paint, generally red paint, and “triangle” shall be made at the corner of the wall column to facilitate the positioning and placement of the main reinforcement of the wall column after the raft reinforcement is completed
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After the completion of setting out, it is necessary to make foundation setting out records and other engineering data
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First, determine the corner of the building foundation according to the leading point of the control point, and then set out the contour line of the foundation and the outer side line of the excavation (pay attention to the width reservation of the slope) to excavate Lead the corner points away, excavate the earthwork according to the white line, clear the groove, then snap the black line of the foundation according to the previous points, lay bricks, bind the reinforcement, pour concrete and backfill
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First, drive a stake on the ground, put the theodolite on the stake and fix a point
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First, the main axis (transverse and longitudinal control lines), and then according to the structural drawing, the design of basement exterior wall, column, shear wall column, foundation beam (beam slab raft foundation), elevator foundation pit, post pouring belt position, etc
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How to set out the raft foundation can be said to point to the setting out experience of on-site construction: 1
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The two included angles between AB and each end point and the length of each section are measured and recorded by theodolite at two points a and B
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2
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If you want to measure a horizontal pile 0.500m higher than the design elevation of groove bottom, you should first place a level in a proper place on the ground, erect a level ruler on the ± 0 mark or the top surface of the gantry plate, and the reading after reading is 0.774m
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On the pole, the thickness of each brick and mortar joint is drawn one by one according to the design size, and the number of layers of the base skin number pole is marked from ± 0.00m down, and the elevation position of ± 0.00m and moisture-proof layer is marked
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when finding the line after excavation, one method is to pull the line from a and B to each end point respectively through the included angle value, and then drop the ash on the line, and find each end point through the intersection of the ash
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The setting out tool is “total station” or “advanced theodolite”
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It is enough to set up piles near the place convenient for protection
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How can we find the initial excavation line? I think of a way, but still want to cast ash, error is very big, hope friends to talk about the accurate method
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If the foundation pit is too deep and the elevation of the pit bottom can not be measured directly by general methods, the hanging steel ruler can be used instead of the level ruler to transfer the ground elevation to the deep pit
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Setting out of the cushion center line: after the foundation cushion is completed, according to the axis nail or axis control pile on the gantry plate, use theodolite or pull rope to hang hammer ball to measure the axis on the cushion layer, and use ink line to pop up the wall center line and foundation side line as the basis of masonry foundation
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The base skin number pole is made of a wooden pole
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The measurement of cushion surface elevation and cushion surface elevation is controlled by snapping lines on the groove wall or driving small wooden piles at the bottom of the groove based on the groove wall horizontal piles
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At a distance, drive a stake with the sight of the theodolite and fix a point B
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2
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How to set the foundation line on the uneven ground? We have a retaining wall project
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If the cushion needs support, the template can pop up the elevation control line directly on the template
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1
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Then use the datum point to put each axis up again, so as to nail the gantry pile twice, right? Or more simply nail it once on the natural floor, instead of leading it to the foundation soil wall? The civil engineering and housing engineering construction setting out starts from the building positioning, and it can’t be separated from the construction setting out until the main project is capped
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It is mainly the correction of the position of the wall and column, because the details often have small errors
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2
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Before foundation excavation, measure the excavation sideline size from the center pile to both sides according to the width of the foundation trench and the size of the upper slope on the foundation detail drawing, and mark them; then draw a thin line between the marks at both ends of the foundation trench, and sprinkle the foundation trench sideline with lime on the ground along the fine line During construction, the excavation shall be carried out according to this grey line
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The setting out tool is “theodolite”.
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When erecting the height pole, you can first drive a wooden pile at the pole, and use the level to determine the construction sequence of a certain value (10 cm) higher than the cushion elevation on the side of the wooden pile (starting from the setting out)
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Masonry building foundation, the excavation of the trench is a deep pit called foundation pit
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9.3.2 foundation construction setting out foundation construction includes cushion and foundation wall construction
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There are three stages: building positioning (setting out), foundation construction (setting out) and main body construction (setting out)
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As the whole wall masonry is based on this line, it is necessary to carry out strict check
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At that time, we scattered the ash line, but after the foundation excavation, the ash line must not be seen
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For example: the design elevation of groove bottom is -1.700m
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Foundation pit leveling in order to control the excavation depth of foundation trench, when the excavation of foundation trench is close to the bottom of the trench, a horizontal pile which is 0.3 ~ 0.5m higher than the design elevation of the trench bottom is measured every 3 ~ 5m from the corner of the trench wall as the basis for the excavation depth, leveling the trench bottom and foundation cushion
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Another method is to find the first end point, and determine each end point according to the length of the segment and the angle between the next end point and ab
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Before the foundation excavation, we took the foundation excavation line of the retaining wall section by section with the construction team, and prepared to dig the straight slope
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What are the steps of construction setting out? The setting out total station sets the coordinates, the water level sets the elevation, and the station can be transferred or the ball can be hung in the invisible place
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Control of foundation wall elevation: the center line of the wall is placed on the cushion, and the elevation of the cushion surface at each corner of the wall is detected by a level gauge, then the masonry of the foundation wall (the wall below ± 0.00) can be started, and the height of the foundation wall is controlled by the foundation height bar
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Then, stick the level stick to the groove wall and move it up and down until the horizontal line of sight reading of the level is 1.974m, and drive a small wooden pile along the bottom of the ruler on the groove wall, which is the horizontal pile to be measured
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2、 After the setting of setting out building positioning piles for foundation construction, the professional survey personnel of the construction unit, the person in charge of the construction site and the supervisor jointly conduct setting out and survey review for the foundation project (the supervisor mainly supervises and verifies on site), and finally set out the positioning piles of all building axes (the axis can be set out at intervals according to the size of the building), and all axis positioning piles are the root According to the planning department’s positioning piles (at least 4) and the construction plan of the bottom layer of the building for setting out
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During the construction, the main axis should be set first, so it is much easier to set out the wall column line
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The setting out of housing construction is from site leveling to main body capping, How many times are the gantry piles nailed to set out? Is it necessary to use the datum point to lead each axis to the foundation wall after the foundation is excavated, and then nail the gantry piles on the natural floor after the foundation is backfilled
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How to set out the foundation trench excavation sideline and level the foundation pit for civil engineering foundation 1
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The reading before reading is 0.774 + 1.700-0.500 = 1.974m
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My method is: use theodolite to determine the end point of the outer line of each straight section through angle intersection
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