1、 Modern communication includes multimedia communication, computer communication network, personal communication, digital image communication (video phone), mobile satellite communication, program-controlled exchange, voice mail and e-mail, etc
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In our country, the telephone network is the most basic carrier of communication, its automation will be reflected in the hardware structure and software design, such as programmable, exchangeable, automatic billing, and the formation of a global network system
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The telephone communication line is composed of the entrance pipeline to the user’s outlet box and so on, which are described as follows: (1) the introduction of the communication line (entrance): through the cable trench or directly buried from the underground; through the cable trench or directly buried from the external wall; through the overhead cable from the external wall
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(2) Program control exchange room or distribution equipment room: 1) when the communication cable is introduced into the room and the user program control computer is set up, the main distribution box or main distribution frame is used
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This room is called the telephone room
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2) When the communication cable is introduced into the house and the user program control computer is not set up, the incoming cable of the telephone office is placed in the handover box, which is called the telephone handover room
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3) The telephone room or handover room should be set on the first or second floor
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If the basement is dry and well ventilated, the telephone room or handover room can be set in the basement
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(3) The vertical cables are laid through the floor rising pipeline and along the shaft
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(4) The cable is laid in the horizontal direction of the floor
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(5) Wiring equipment; cable joint box, crossing box, junction box, user outlet box, communication line branch, intermediate inspection, terminal equipment
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2、 Key points of construction site coordination 1
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Coordination with civil structure engineering construction (1) when the building is equipped with an underground floor and the communication cable enters the house from the external wall to the underground floor, the steel casing with water stop flange ring is embedded at -0.8m of the natural floor where the communication cable enters the house
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Generally, the diameter of the casing is 2 grades larger than that of the pipe
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(2) There is no underground layer in the building
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The communication cable inlet pipe can be directly embedded in the wall, and its pipeline can be connected to the embedded cassette at the center of the back of the open junction box or open distribution box
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(3) According to the construction drawing of geometrical dimension and location dimension of manhole or handhole well designed by the communication department, the civil engineering specialty shall assist in the masonry, and the cast iron well ring and cast iron well cover shall be provided
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(4) The buried depth of communication cable pipeline shall be less than 0.8m under the natural floor and more than 1m away from the building apron
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(5) The length of the communication cable pipe passing through the outer wall casing and entering into the inner wall shall not be less than 30cm, so as to facilitate the construction operation when the pipe is connected
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(6) The gap between the communication cable passing through the pipe and the sleeve shall be wrapped with oil hemp, and then sealed with asphalt paste
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Both sides of the external wall and the internal wall shall be sealed, and then the external wall shall be waterproof by the civil engineering
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(7) Along with the civil structure construction, the telecommunication professional construction personnel cooperate with the embedded Floor concealed piping, concealed joint box, junction box of crossing box, user outlet box, etc
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(8) Provide the construction drawing for the installation of the foundation base of the floor type transfer box for civil engineering, and the foundation construction shall be completed with the assistance of civil engineering specialty
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The base shall be made of no less than C10 concrete with a height of no less than 20cm
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Four M10 × 100 long galvanized anchor bolts are embedded in the four corners of the base to fix the junction box, and holes for communication cables are reserved in the center of the base
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2
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Key points of construction cooperation with civil external line engineering (1) laying of directly buried communication cable: Earthwork such as trench excavation, leveling and backfilling shall be completed with the assistance of civil engineering specialty, and the construction shall be coordinated by communication professionals
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1) When directly buried cables of communication lines in civil buildings, it is required to lay 50 ~ 100 mm sand or fine soil around the cables, cover them with bricks and concrete blocks, and then backfill them
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2) When the buried cable passes through the traffic trunk road, the pipeline protection shall be applied, and the standby pipeline shall be reserved
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3) Cable signs shall be set at 200-300m of each straight section of directly buried cable, cable connection point, branch point, coil reservation point, cable route direction change and pipeline intersection
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4) The communication cable shall not be directly buried indoors
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When the directly buried cable needs to be introduced into the indoor branching equipment of the building, it shall be replaced with the bare lead clad cable through the pipe
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If the distance to the branching equipment is within 15m, the armor layer can be removed and then led to the branching equipment through pipes
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(2) Overhead cable laying: when the overhead cable is laid on the pole, it is necessary to know the route of the communication cable and the embedded situation of various pipelines from the civil engineering external line construction personnel and other professional external line pipeline construction personnel in time
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For pipeline overlapping, collision, intersection, horizontal and vertical spacing not in line with the specification, the soil shall be applied after mutual coordination
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At the same time, the following matters should be noted: 1) when the communication cable is overhead, the minimum distance from the ground and road is 4.5 ~ 5.5m
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2) Communication cable and power cable should not be erected on the same pole
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If it is erected on the same pole, the distance between the hanging height of overhead communication cable and other lines shall be greater than or equal to 0.6m
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3) The capacity of each communication overhead cable is less than or equal to 100 pairs when the communication cable is hung by suspension line; if two communication cables are hung on one suspension line, the total capacity of the two cables is not more than 80 pairs
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4) Cement poles are generally used for overhead laying of communication cables
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When they are not laid on the same pole as power lines, the distance between poles is generally 35 ~ 45m
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3
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Key points for construction coordination with civil decoration engineering (1) SPC exchange room is composed of exchange room, operator room, battery room or UPS room (maintenance free lead-acid battery)
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The requirements for civil decoration construction are as follows: 1) the floor clear height of switch room is greater than or equal to 3m, If 2.6 ~ 2.9m elevated frame is used, the net height is greater than or equal to 3.5m; when low frame is used, the floor load is greater than or equal to 450kg / m2, and when elevated frame is used, the floor load is greater than or equal to 600kg / m2; when raised floor or plastic floor is used, it shall be anti-static, fireproof and flame retardant; light steel keel ceiling or cement lime mortar is painted, the surface is coated with environment-friendly matt paint, the door width is 1.2 ~ 1.5m, and aluminum is used The temperature and humidity are controlled by setting ventilation and air conditioning system
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2) The floor clear height of the operator room is greater than or equal to 3m; the floor load is greater than or equal to 300kg / m2; the wall is painted with cement mortar and the surface is painted with environmental protection paint; the ceiling is painted with cement mortar and the surface is painted with environmental protection paint; the doors and windows should be dustproof; the indoor temperature and humidity control is realized by the ventilation and air conditioning system
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3) The floor clear height of the battery room is greater than or equal to 3m; the floor is made of acid resistant ceramic tiles; the floor load is greater than or equal to 600kg / m2; the wall is painted with cement lime mortar, and the surface is painted with acid resistant (or alkali resistant) paint; the door is well dustproof; the double-layer windows are used, and the outer windows are equipped with frosted glass; the indoor temperature is controlled above 10 ℃, and ventilation and exhaust devices are set
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(2) The construction personnel of communication specialty cooperate with civil engineering specialty in the construction of raised floor
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According to the construction drawing, the metal trunking should be laid under the cabinet and under the raised floor
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If it is difficult to lay the communication cable under the floor, the metal trunking can be used to lay the cable above the floor
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(3) When laying metal trunking in the ceiling, the routing of metal trunking shall be coordinated with other specialties to see if it hinders the layout of other pipelines
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After the pipeline layout elevation and position coordinates of each specialty are coordinated, the construction shall be carried out in sequence
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(4) The construction personnel of communication specialty shall pay attention to the protection of finished products during the construction of exposed boxes (boxes) and pipelines, and shall not damage the finished products and semi-finished products of other specialties at will
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3、 Key points of construction site control (1) check whether the communication system construction drawing, system drawing, plan, equipment installation drawing and detail drawing are designed by the design unit with legal person qualification certificate, and confirm that the construction drawing is valid before construction.
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