Construction drawings are the basis for building houses and “the language of Engineering”
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They specify what kind of building to build, and specify the shape, size, practice and technical requirements
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In addition to more contact with the drawings of this type of work, sometimes it is necessary to read the drawings in combination with the whole engineering drawings, so as to cooperate with each other and make no mistakes
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Therefore, we must learn the method of map recognition to get twice the result with half the effort
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Here are some basic methods of map recognition
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( 1) After you get a drawing step by step, you should see the first one and then the second one in the following order: ① First of all, read the design instructions carefully to understand the general situation, location, elevation, material requirements, quality standards, construction precautions and some special technical requirements of the building, so as to form a preliminary impression in mind; ② Then we need to look at the floor plan to understand the plane shape, bay, depth, column grid size of the house, the arrangement of various rooms, traffic layout, and the location of doors and windows, so as to form a plane concept of the building and lay a good foundation for looking at the elevation and section drawings; ③ Look at the elevation to understand the building’s orientation, floor number and height changes, as well as the requirements of doors and windows, exterior decoration, etc; ④ Look at the section to get a general understanding of the elevation changes and indoor conditions of each part of the section; ⑤ Finally, look at the structural drawing to understand the relationship between the plan, elevation, section and structural drawing, so as to deepen the understanding of the whole project; ⑥ In addition, according to the index symbols in the plan, elevation, section and so on, we must read the detail drawing or node drawing in detail, so as to achieve the combination of thick and thin, and the intersection of large and small
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Only step by step can we understand the design intention and the design drawings, that is to say, we should generally “read the instructions first and then the drawings”; The best order is plane, vertical and sectional; Check the nodes and details; Only in this way can we get twice the result with half the effort
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( 2) As an example, remember the size Although there are all kinds of construction projects, they all have different shapes and effects through the change of the size of each part
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As the saying goes: “no rules, no square”
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If there are no specific dimensions such as length, width, height and diameter on the drawing, the construction personnel can’t carry out the construction according to the drawing
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But there are many dimensions on the drawing
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As a specific operator, it is not necessary and impossible to remember all the dimensions on the drawing
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However, some of the main dimensions of the building, the specification, model, location and quantity of the main components and fittings must be firmly remembered
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This can deepen the understanding of the design drawings, is conducive to construction operation, reduce or avoid construction errors
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Generally speaking, as to keep in mind some of the following dimensions: Bay depth to remember, length and width size do not forget; The vertical and horizontal axes bear in mind that the total height of the story is very important; The structure size should be remembered, and the component model should not be wrong; The foundation size is the key, and the structural strength cannot be less; The section of beam and column shall be firmly recorded, and the openings of doors and windows shall be well reserved
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( 3) Clarify the relationship When you look at the drawings, you must understand the relationship between each drawing
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Because a drawing can not express the specific size, practice and requirements of each part of a project in detail
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Many drawings must be used to express the practices and requirements of a certain part from different aspects
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The practices and requirements of these different parts are a complete panorama of the building
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Therefore, there is a close relationship between the drawings of a construction drawing
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When looking at the drawing, we must take the axis number and position in the plan as the benchmark, so as to “have the drawing in hand, the axis in mind, thousands of heads and thousands of threads, and never go offline everywhere”
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This is the basic foundation and standard of the project The main relationship between drawings, generally speaking, is: the axis is the benchmark, the number should be kiss; The elevation should be crossed and the height should be equal; See the location of the section, and the detailed drawing is shown in the index; If the standard drawing is used, the outgoing line shall be marked; Requirements and practices, get the instructions quickly; Civil engineering and installation, cleaning holes, ditches and troughs; Materials and standards, check in relevant drawings; Click here ☞ free
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