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During the construction of Daxing International Airport terminal, the digitization of measuring instruments and equipment has been significantly improved, which can be said to be a leap forward improvement.
There were 158 civil airports in 2008 and 238 civil airports in 2019.
It will be the Centennial birthday of the Communist Party of China and the year of 14th Five-Year.
By comparing with the design model, the deformation data of each spherical node can be obtained intuitively, so as to provide data support for subsequent construction..
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The construction surveying and setting is still the traditional theodolite.
The terminal is triangular from north to South and in a straight shape in the middle.
In terms of project scale, although the T3 terminal of Capital International Airport has a construction area of 968000 m2, due to the expansion project and limited by surrounding conditions, the terminal is in a long and narrow layout from north to south, and is divided into front and back sections by two taxiways.
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The total throughput increased from 406 million people to 1.35 billion people.
Looking at the development of engineering construction technology from capital airport to Beijing Daxing International Airport [introduction to the author] Zhang jinxun, professor level senior engineer, introduction to the editorial board of construction technology magazine, Beijing Daxing International Airport was officially put into operation in September 2019, and Beijing has two large international hub airports.
On the occasion of the eleven national day approaching, the WeChat official account of the construction technology has launched the “heart of the red”.
01 with the rapid development of civil aviation, the expansion of terminal capacity and the improvement of the application of digital construction technology, the construction of civil aviation airports has developed rapidly in recent 10 years.
Fitting spherical center method is to set observation points on the rod structure node ball, monitor four different points on the same spherical node, and then calculate the spherical center coordinates to analyze the deviation.
During the structural construction, the total station survey robot is widely used, which can realize the automation of construction setting out, automatic measurement, recording, calculating, sorting out data and remote control measurement.
The total station has just started.
Digital photographing method is to paste special targets and baseline ruler on components at typical positions, use UAV or manual photographing digital targets, and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of node ball center after data processing for deformation analysis.
Its working method is to establish multiple base stations on site, carry out multi angle three-dimensional scanner operation on the steel structure, and the obtained data are processed by software to synthesize the point cloud model (see Fig.
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With the existing T1 and T2 terminals at that time, the total throughput of Capital International Airport reached 78 million person times.
The terminal is divided into three blocks, and the construction area and size of each block are not very exaggerated.
The terminal project covers a large area, with heavy workload and high accuracy requirements for project positioning and construction measurement.
The steel structure roof of Daxing International Airport is designed as a free-form surface, and the roof steel structure of the core area project has reached 180000 m2.
After the divisional construction, closure and unloading of the steel structure, the deformation observation of the steel structure is required to locate the formed nodes and rods, ensure the installation accuracy of the project, and provide a basis for the subsequent roof and ceiling construction.
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At the same time, steel structure measurement shall be verified by various measurement methods, such as digital photogrammetry, fitting sphere center method and so on.
During the construction of more than 10000 foundation piles in the core area, the CORS (continuous operation reference station) system mobile station measurement method is applied, and only one measurement group completes the workload of 5 or 6 measurement groups in the past, which significantly reduces the labor intensity while realizing high precision and high efficiency.
The engineering positioning control network applies GNSS (global satellite navigation system) static positioning to realize long-distance, high-precision, all-weather operation, less intervisibility restrictions and automatic data acquisition.
Beijing Urban Construction Group has successively contracted the construction of bid section a of T3 terminal of Capital International Airport and the core area of Beijing Daxing International Airport terminal.
After check-in, the walking distance from the center to the near stand of any finger corridor is no more than 600m and the time is no more than 8min, which well explains the concept of centralized terminal building.
Compared with the design model, the installation deviation and deformation results can be obtained directly.
All the terminal projects adopt concrete cast-in-place pile foundation.
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In the column of “National Day”, experts such as Xiao Xuwen, Zhang xiqian, Wang wuqin, Zhang jinxun, Ma Zhiliang and Liu Zhan are specially invited to summarize the development of various professional fields of China’s construction industry and introduce new technologies, new achievements and development research trends in the construction field, in order to help China’s construction industry transform and upgrade and promote the high-quality development of the industry.
The two projects are 11 years apart.
The five finger corridors are enclosed in a circle with a diameter of 1200m.
With the increase of project scale and construction difficulty, the total construction period of the project is shortened.
The three-dimensional scanning equipment is used for the construction survey of roof steel structure of Daxing International Airport to conduct three-dimensional scanning on the installed components.
A hundred years of trials and hardships, the vicissitudes of the first century.
In order to improve the passenger experience, the terminal building of Beijing Daxing International Airport adopts a radioactive five finger corridor configuration.
During the construction of T3 terminal of Capital International Airport, the surveying work is mainly optical theodolite and level.
During the construction of concrete structure, the measuring robot (high-end total station) is applied to automatically measure, record, calculate and sort out the data on site.
1.1 measurement technology measurement is the most basic and important item of project construction.
The measured data is transmitted and can be measured remotely.
On the other hand, the innovative application of engineering construction technology, especially digital technology, is indispensable.
At the beginning of planning, Daxing International Airport is divided into North and South Terminal areas according to the passenger flow of more than 100 million person times.
Terminal T3 of Capital International Airport was put into operation in March 2008.
However, after only three years of operation, the annual throughput of T3 terminal exceeded 80 million person times, and exceeded 100 million person times in 2018.
The roof of T3 terminal and Daxing International Airport terminal are steel structures.
At the same time, the terminal area has reached 1.43 million m2, Even after deducting the comprehensive service building, parking building and track area, the single area of the terminal alone exceeds 780000 m2, and the centralized layout forms a plane size of 565M × 437m super long, super wide and super large central area, and the concrete main structure has no deformation joints, which brings great challenges to the construction.
Terminal T3 of Capital International Airport and terminal of Daxing International Airport are shown in Figure 1.
The total station is only configured by the general contractor for line inspection.
On the one hand, it depends on the efficient construction organization of the project management team.
After the data is processed in the background, the point cloud model of the construction entity can be generated.
T3 terminal of Capital International Airport was started in 2004 and completed in 2008, with a total construction period of 45 months; Daxing International Airport Terminal project started in 2015 and completed in 2019, with a total construction period of 42 months.
The speed of civil aviation development far exceeded many people’s expectations.
During the construction process, it is necessary to obtain the spherical node positioning and deformation data of Long-span Grid steel structure.
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One main terminal is built in Beihang station area, and the annual passenger throughput of the main terminal alone can reach 72 million person times.
The brilliant achievements of the construction industry have witnessed the centennial development of the motherland.
Now, the development and changes of construction technology are discussed from the perspective of the construction of the two terminals.
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During the steel structure construction, the three-dimensional scanning technology is applied to carry out the positioning measurement of nodes and components.
At the beginning of the design of T3 terminal of Capital International Airport, the annual throughput was 45 million person times, which was the largest in China at that time.
