The central enterprise refers to the state-owned sole proprietorship or state-owned holding enterprise that the Central People’s Government (the State Council) or the state-owned assets supervision and administration institution is entrusted to perform the function of investor, and the leading group is directly managed by the central government or entrusted to the Central Organization Department, SASAC and other central ministries and commissions
. 
On June 5, 2020, SASAC announced the latest list of central enterprises
. 
There are 97 central enterprises
. 
Compared with the list of 97 enterprises published in March 2020, the change is: China Inspection and certification (Group) Co., Ltd
. 
is newly added
. 
With the approval of the State Council, Shanghai Nokia bell Co., Ltd
. 
is no longer listed in the list of enterprises that perform the duties of investors by the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, and is managed by relevant central enterprises according to the equity relationship
. 
Among them, the central construction enterprises are: China Railway, China railway construction, China Communications Construction, China Construction, China energy construction, China power construction, China energy construction and China chemical
. 
Details are as follows: there are two types of state-owned enterprises: central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises
. 
The full name of central enterprises is “central management enterprises”
. 
The simplest way to judge the corresponding administrative level of a unit is to look at the power of appointment of the head of the unit
.
The top leaders appointed by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council or other ministries and commissions are the central enterprises, while those appointed by the local Party committees and the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission are the local state-owned enterprises
.
Civil servants, teachers and state-owned enterprises are the iron rice bowls in the eyes of ordinary people
.
The jobs in the system are stable and decent, so a large number of graduates are attracted to these fields every year
.
The civil service examination is becoming more and more popular year by year, and the recruitment of state-owned enterprises is also facing fierce competition
.
In fact, employees of state-owned enterprises are half civil servants, and relevant leaders also have corresponding administrative levels
.
There are also some leaders of state-owned enterprises who have transferred to the civil service to serve as vice governors or mayors
.
Generally speaking, there are three main characteristics of central enterprises: after years of continuous restructuring and integration, there are 129 central enterprises (as of April 6, 2020)
.
According to the property rights and control subjects, central enterprises can be roughly divided into three categories: industrial central enterprises; financial central enterprises; central enterprises managed by other departments
.
01 the industrial central enterprises are mainly 97 enterprises that the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council performs the responsibilities of investors on behalf of the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission, that is, the central enterprises in the general sense
.
Top 49 households: China Nuclear Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., China Aerospace Science and Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Aviation Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Shipbuilding Group Co., Ltd., China Ordnance Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Ordnance Equipment Group Co., Ltd., China Electronic Technology Group Co., Ltd., China Aero Engine Group Co., Ltd., China financing assets Management Group Co., Ltd
.
PetroChina Group Co., Ltd
.
Sinopec Group Co., Ltd
.
CNOOC Group Co., Ltd
.
state oil and gas pipeline network Group Co., Ltd
.
State Grid Co., Ltd
.
China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd
.
China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd
.
China Datang Group Co., Ltd
.
China Huadian Group Co., Ltd
.
State Power Investment Co., Ltd China Three Gorges Group Co., Ltd., China National Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd., China Telecom Group Co., Ltd., China United Network Communication Group Co., Ltd., China Mobile Communication Group Co., Ltd., China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd., China First Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Ltd., China First Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Machinery Industry Group Co., Ltd
.
Harbin Electric Group Co., Ltd
.
China Eastern Electric Group Co., Ltd
.
Anshan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd
.
China Baowu iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd
.
China Aluminum Group Co., Ltd
.
China Ocean Shipping Group Co., Ltd
.
China Aviation Group Co., Ltd
.
China Eastern Airlines Group Co., Ltd
.
China Southern Airlines Group Co., Ltd
.
Sinochem Group Co., Ltd Ltd
.
COFCO Group Co., Ltd
.
China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd
.
China General Technology (Group) Holding Co., Ltd
.
China Construction Group Co., Ltd
.
China reserve grain management group Co., Ltd
.
China Development Investment Group Co., Ltd
.
China Merchants Group Co., Ltd
.
China Resources (Group) Co., Ltd
.
China Tourism Group Co., Ltd
.
[Hong Kong China Travel (Group) Co., Ltd.] The last 48 households: 50
.
China commercial aircraft Co., Ltd
.
51
.
China energy conservation and Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd
.
52
.
China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd
.
53
.
China Chengtong Holding Group Co., Ltd
.
54
.
China Coal Energy Group Co., Ltd
.
55
.
China Coal Science and Industry Group Co., Ltd
.
56
.
General Research Institute of Mechanical Science Group Co., Ltd
.
57
.
China Steel Group Co., Ltd
.
58
.
China Steel Research & Technology Group Co., Ltd China Chemical Engineering Group Co., Ltd
.
61
.
China Salt Industry Group Co., Ltd
.
62
.
China Building Materials Group Co., Ltd
.
63
.
China Nonferrous Metals Mining Group Co., Ltd
.
64
.
Youyan Technology Group Co., Ltd
.
65
.
Beijing mining and Metallurgy Technology Group Co., Ltd
.
66
.
China International Technology Intelligence Cooperation Co., Ltd
.
67
.
China Academy of Building Sciences Co., Ltd China Railway Engineering Group Co., Ltd
.
71
.
China Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd
.
72
.
China Communications Construction Group Co., Ltd
.
73
.
China Putian Information Industry Group Co., Ltd
.
74
.
China Information Communication Technology Group Co., Ltd
.
75
.
China Agricultural Development Group Co., Ltd
.
76
.
China Forestry Group Co., Ltd Ltd
.
77
.
China Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd
.
78
.
China Poly Group Co., Ltd
.
79
.
China Construction Technology Co., Ltd
.
80
.
China General Administration of Metallurgical Geology 81
.
China General Administration of coal geology 82
.
Xinxing Jihua Group Co., Ltd
.
83
.
China Civil Aviation Information Group Co., Ltd
.
84
.
China aviation fuel Group Co., Ltd
.
85
.
China Aviation Equipment Group Co., Ltd
.
86
.
China Electric Power Construction Group Co., Ltd China Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd Ltd
.
96
.
China Guoxin Holding Co., Ltd
.
97
.
China testing and certification (Group) Co., Ltd
.
among them, the selection of the chairman of the board, Secretary of the Party committee (leading group) and general manager of the former 49 central enterprises is decided by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, which has the same authority as the appointment and removal of general vice ministerial level cadres, so it is considered to be equivalent to vice ministerial level cadres
.
Therefore, the top 49 enterprises are called “central management enterprises” in media reports, but they are generally called “some important state-owned backbone enterprises” in the documents issued by the central government
.
However, due to the fact that his working age can reach 63 years old, he is slightly different from other cadres at the Deputy ministerial level, which is only two years younger than the 65 year old working age at the ministerial level
.
The deputy leaders of 49 households, as well as the principal and deputy leaders of non 49 households, are decided by the SASAC Party committee
.
The former is under the jurisdiction of the first Bureau of enterprise management of SASAC, while the latter is under the jurisdiction of the Second Bureau of enterprise management of SASAC
.
The legal representatives (mostly the chairman) of the non 49 central enterprises must report to the Party group of the State Council for approval before taking office
.
It is generally believed that the deputy of 49 households can be regarded as promotion
.
For example, Wang An, deputy general manager of Shenhua, was appointed general manager of non China coal, Xu Kaicheng, deputy general manager of Sinopec, was appointed chairman of Nanguang group, and Zhou Mingchun, chief accountant of China shipbuilding industry, was appointed chairman of AVIC
.
Between the two types of deputy, the 49 deputy is generally higher than the non 49 deputy.
.
