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1
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General rules are formulated for handling the relationship between “man, machine, material and ring” in tunnel construction and preventing accidents
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(1) tunnel construction, safety first
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All personnel participating in the construction must receive safety education, be familiar with and abide by the provisions of this regulation, and understand the topography
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At the same time, management personnel and construction personnel at all levels should strengthen safety awareness and realize the importance of safety work
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(2) the tunnel construction unit shall strengthen the safety education for its construction personnel, be familiar with and abide by the provisions of this regulation, and understand the terrain, landform and geological conditions of the construction site, so that everyone can have a clear idea of the working environment, work content and working conditions
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(3) before the construction, organize technical research, and carry out the feasibility study of the construction scheme
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For the construction section prone to accidents, there should be targeted preventive measures
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(4) there must be warning signs and site safety officers on duty wearing armbands at the construction site
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The personnel entering the construction site must abide by the labor discipline, operation discipline and this safety regulation of tunnel construction
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It is strictly forbidden to enter the tunnel after drinking, and it is strictly forbidden to enter the tunnel without safety helmet or slippers
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(5) blasters, safety officers, electricians, loader drivers, transport vehicle drivers, welders and concrete workers working in the tunnel must work with certificates
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(6) the machines, tools and labor protection articles used by the construction unit shall have an inspection system, and it is strictly forbidden to use unqualified machines, tools and labor protection articles
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(7) establish a strict shift system
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The person in charge of the shift handover shall give a detailed account of the team situation and relevant safety measures to the successor
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The person in charge of the site on duty shall carefully check the situation of the shift handover, and the special situation shall be explained clearly on site
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(8) the accident (including accident signs) shall be handled in strict accordance with the principle of “four don’t let go” (i.e
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the cause of the accident is not clear, the responsible person and the masses are not educated, the safety precautions are not formulated and taken, and the responsible person is not dealt with)
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2
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Excavation (1) before drilling, check whether the working face is in a safe state, whether the lighting is good, whether the support is firm, whether the surrounding rock is firm, and whether there are dangerous rocks
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If there are loose rocks, support or remove them in time
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(2) when the jumbo attached to each working procedure is in place, a special person must be assigned to direct each working procedure
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After being in place, the jumbo must not tilt, and the outrigger must be stable
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When the rock drill chisels the hole, the wet rock drill or the rock drill with dust catcher must be adopted
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(3) before using the pneumatic drill, the construction personnel shall check the equipment and tools as follows, and the unqualified ones shall be repaired or replaced immediately
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1) fuselage: whether the bolts, ferrule, spring and bracket are in good condition
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2) whether the air pipe and air pipe are in good condition, and whether the connection is firm
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3) whether the drill pipe is not straight, damaged and the drill hole is blocked
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(4) the drilling jumbo and pneumatic drill shall not be dismantled and repaired at the working face, and it is strictly forbidden to continue drilling in the residual hole
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(5) the command of blasting operation in the tunnel should be unified, and the personnel should be evacuated to a safe distance of 200m
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(6) charging blasting is strictly prohibited in the following cases: 1) insufficient lighting
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2) the rock in the working face is broken and has not been supported
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3) quicksand and mud are found without perfect treatment
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4) there may be a lot of karst caves, water and high-pressure water gushing out of the section
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(7) when sparking, one blaster should not ignite more than 5 pieces at a time
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Sparking is not allowed in water area, and open fire is strictly prohibited
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(8) after blasting, ventilation and smoke exhaust must be carried out, and the interval time shall not be less than 15 minutes
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After the following inspection and proper treatment, other workers are allowed to enter the working face: 1) whether there is misfire and suspicious phenomenon
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2) whether there is residual explosive detonator
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3) whether there are loose stones on the vault and two sides
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4) whether the support is damaged or deformed
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(9) in case of misfire, it must be handled by the original blasting personnel according to the regulations
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(10) the blasting personnel must manage the blasting materials well and shall not leave them to the care of irrelevant personnel
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(11) when the working faces at both ends are close to the connection, the contact and unified command at both ends shall be strengthened
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When the distance between the working faces at both ends remains eight times of the circular footage (the minimum distance shall not be less than 15m), the operation at one end shall be stopped, the personnel and machines shall be removed, and warning signs shall be set at the safe distance
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3
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Ballast loading and transportation (1) gasoline machinery and vehicles are not allowed to enter the tunnel, and transportation vehicles cannot be mixed with people and goods
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(2) the entry and exit of the ballast transport vehicle must be directed by a specially assigned person, and no one is allowed between the ballast loader and the ballast transport vehicle
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(3) the speed limit of transport vehicles shall be in accordance with the following provisions: at the entrance, level crossing and narrow construction site, the “slow” sign shall be set up, and personnel shall be arranged to direct the traffic when necessary
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The speed of vehicles in the tunnel is limited to 10km / h
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(4) the following regulations shall be observed when driving: 1) overtaking is strictly prohibited
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2) keep a distance of 30m for vehicles in the same direction
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3) before starting the vehicle, watch and whistle, but do not use the high pitched horn
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4) the vehicle shall be checked carefully before use, and shall not run with fault
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5) the driver’s cab shall not carry other personnel, and the vehicle shall not exceed the speed limit
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(5) when the vehicle is driving in the tunnel, the construction personnel are not allowed to rush to the road with the vehicle machinery, and are not allowed to pick up the car, chase the car, and take the car by force
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(6) when reversing or turning in the tunnel, the lights must be turned on, the whistle must be sounded and a special person shall be assigned to direct
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4
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Support (1) during the construction period, the person in charge of the site shall, together with relevant personnel, regularly inspect the support of various parts; the safety officer shall inspect the unfavorable geological section at any time
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When the support is deformed or damaged, it should be repaired and reinforced immediately
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(2) the arch foot of the arch frame must be installed on the ground, the suspended arch foot must be padded, and the arch foot must be fixed with the foot locking bolt
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(3) the connection between the horizontal tunnel and the auxiliary tunnel in the tunnel should be reinforced or permanent lining should be carried out as soon as possible
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(4) when the surrounding rock of the shotcrete anchor section is found to have large deformation or bolt failure, it is necessary to analyze and study with the technical personnel immediately and take effective measures
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(5) for the surrounding rock which is unstable before the shotcrete reaches a certain strength, the deformation after shotcreting exceeds the design allowable value, and the surrounding rock with sudden change, the steel frame support shall be used
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(6) the surrounding rock with poor self stability after excavation is temporarily supported by advanced bolt and shotcrete with mesh
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(7) in case of short-term shutdown during construction, the support shall be directly delivered to the working face
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(8) the abnormal cracks of spray layer should be taken as one of the main safety inspection contents
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Observation and inspection should be carried out frequently, and it should be used as a warning signal for construction, especially for the arch ring with full section excavation
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The inspection of the arch crown should not be omitted because of its height and difficulty
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(9) when shotcreting, the working face should be well ventilated, the operators must be protected by themselves, and the shotcreting hands should wear protective masks, waterproof shawls, protective glasses, protective masks and latex gloves
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(10) inject mortar into the anchor hole, and the pressure shall not be greater than 0.2 l MPa
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The nozzle of grouting pipe shall not be placed on people.
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