Design is not only the leader of engineering construction, but also the key to the successful implementation and profitability of the project, which plays a leading role in the implementation of the project
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As the general contractor, design management is the key to the successful implementation of the project
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The contractor should pay full attention to design management
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If traditional construction enterprises want to do a good job in EPC project general contracting, they must realize the change from “not understanding design” to “understanding design”, take on the responsibility of design task, the organizer of design work, the client of design subcontract, the supervisor of design process and the decision-maker of design results, and do a good job in the change of management role
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Design principle the basic principle of EPC engineering design is to meet the structural function, convenient for construction, economic and reasonable
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On the premise of meeting the basic requirements of the contract, the minimum cost is the basic design criterion, which runs through the whole implementation process of EPC project
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On the premise of ensuring the design quality and meeting the functional requirements of the contract, the design optimization of relevant projects, especially the projects with great impact on the construction period of key lines, high cost and great difficulty, is carried out as far as possible after full demonstration, so as to reduce the project cost
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Design management method 1 – establishment of design management team in order to straighten out the design management procedures and processes of the project, the EPC project contractor shall establish a design management team
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Members of the management team shall be experienced designers with strong external communication skills, or employ consulting companies with rich design management experience to formulate relevant project management systems and work processes, supervise the design progress and quality, organize the review of major design plans, check the implementation of design plans, analyze deviations and formulate measures, Coordinate the design related issues to ensure that the design work meets the overall project schedule
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2 – review of basic data in the early stage of design work, it is necessary to fully study the basic data of the project, and carry out necessary supplementary investigation, measurement, test and review at the same time, so as to improve the rationality, economy and scientificity of the design, which is very important for the safety of the whole project structure and the project cost
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1) Supplementary exploration
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One is to check the correctness of basic data and fully understand the geological conditions of the project
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The second is to provide accurate geological parameters for design, including strength, friction coefficient, internal friction angle and cohesion
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2) Topographic resurvey
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The topographic data in the basic design are generally small in scale, low in accuracy and incomplete
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It is necessary to carry out large-scale re survey of the project terrain to improve the accuracy and integrity of the survey
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3) Basic design review
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Before carrying out the construction drawing design, it is necessary to review the rationality of the foundation design, including the structural calculation, the rationality and safety of the scheme, etc
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if it fails to meet the requirements, it is necessary to put forward the adjustment requirements to the owner
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3 – design environment investigation before carrying out the design work, you must be familiar with the design environment of the project, including the specifications and standards used in the design, the local design concepts and design habits, and the commonly used building materials
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For example, in a project, the thickness of mortar for anchor protection layer is required to be no less than 32mm, while the domestic design thickness is generally 15-20mm; In the construction, the support design drawing of each unit must be issued separately, and the stability calculation must be supplemented when the random anchor is applied to the block; All the civil engineering design related to the mechanical and electrical metal structure must be approved after the mechanical and electrical metal structure design is approved; The materials used in the project must obtain CE certification, etc
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These requirements are different from the domestic conventional requirements, so it is necessary to be familiar with the design environment of the project
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Only when you are familiar with the design environment, can you design easily, and the design quality and progress can be guaranteed
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If necessary, engineers familiar with local standards and design habits can be considered to provide design consultation for the project
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4 – contract and bidding documents contract and bidding documents are the design input specification
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Before design, we must fully study the contract and bidding documents, understand the owner’s requirements, and distinguish the core requirements and general requirements; Make clear which regulations must be observed and which are flexible
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At the same time, according to the conditions in the contract and bidding documents, the risk should be reasonably evaluated, and the solutions and preventive measures should be put forward
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5-connection of design, construction and procurement in EPC project, only by considering design, construction and procurement as a whole and combining them organically can the project benefit be maximized
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1) Design and construction
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Before the design, the revised construction organization design combined with the actual situation will be provided to the design unit, and the designers will design in combination with the construction organization design; After the design results are submitted, experts and technical personnel shall be organized to review, and the construction technology experience accumulated by the general contracting enterprise shall be fully utilized to ensure that the design scheme conforms to the actual situation on site and is convenient for on-site construction
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2) Design and procurement
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As for materials, the general contractor shall sort out the material purchase list according to the market situation, and the design unit shall try to use the materials on the list except for special circumstances in design; As for the equipment, the quantity and technical requirements shall be put forward by the design unit during the bidding
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After the bidding, the general contractor shall organize the design unit to connect with the equipment manufacturer and raise funds to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the design results
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3) Adhere to the system of design disclosure, design review and design site inspection to ensure the rationality of design, constructability and availability of materials
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6 – selection and management of design units before selecting design units, we should do a good job of investigation and investigation for each design unit, and compare “goods” with three design units
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We must consider their professional design ability, similar engineering experience and international engineering design experience; After analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each company, we entrust one or more design subcontractors that are most suitable for the project
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For a large project, the whole project should be divided into several areas, several design units should be entrusted to take charge of one of them, and one of them should be designated as the leading design unit, so as to control the design quality and progress of the project as a whole
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It is better to include engineers who are familiar with local standards and design habits in the design team, which will not only help the design style and design expression to be more in line with local habits, but also help the design to be approved by local owners
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In the management of design units, we can manage from two aspects: contract and system: 1) contract
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One is to define the design standard, boundary conditions, depth, format, quantity and progress of design documents; The second is to set up a certain design award fund and determine the payment proportion according to the assessment results of the design units; The third is to specify the personnel allocation requirements, the time and requirements for the design director and professional designers to carry out the design work on site, and set up relevant penalty clauses; The fourth is to set up penalty clauses for loss or extension of construction period caused by the designer; Fifthly, for the project that the main contract requires the contractor to provide “design liability insurance” to the owner, the design subcontractor is required to provide corresponding design liability insurance to the general contractor
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2) System
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First, regularly check whether the design subcontract has established and improved the design quality assurance system (including the drawing review system at all levels) and strictly implement it; The second is to establish the assessment system of design units
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The design management department organizes the design related units to assess the design units from the three dimensions of design progress, design quality and design service every quarter
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The assessment results are used as the basis for the payment of Design Award Fund
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At the same time, the assessment results are reported to the design units to urge them to improve and perfect
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Design risk management with the continuous development of EPC project, design risk has become increasingly prominent, how to reduce and avoid engineering design risk has become a very prominent research topic
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1) The boundary conditions in the bidding documents are insufficient or unclear, including geology, topography, meteorology, hydrology, implementation environment and unclear requirements of the owner in the bidding documents
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In this way, in the bidding stage, the design scheme may be unreasonable, and after winning the bid, large design scheme modification or quantity adjustment will be carried out.
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